Alteration of Flower Yield and Phytochemical Compounds of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) by Application of Different Light Qualities and Growth Regulators

Saffron is the world’s most coveted spicy plant that has medicinal value. Currently, due to diverse types of difficulties in growing this outdoor, tendency produce it indoor been increased. Optimized conditions for saffron plants not fully determined so far. This study was conducted investigate interactive effects two growth regulators (PGRs), including gibberellic acid (GA3) and γ-aminobutyric (GABA) four light recipes, white, monochromatic blue, red, a combination 50% red blue on flower yield phytochemical components (such as crocin, picrocrocin safranal) stigmas indoor-grown saffron. The results showed exogenous GABA application combined LED lights enhanced performance flowers terms number (up 1.97 per corm) well fresh dry weight stigmas. In saffron, concentration three major secondary metabolites great importance since determines its commercial, pharmaceutical quality. induced saffron’s chemical ingredients toward phytochemicals safranal 5.03%) 15.8%), while GA3 them carotenoid pigment crocin 25.1%). conclusion, with production high-quality positively affected plants.